Eritema gyratum repens idiopático: presentación de un caso en una mujer joven / Idiopathic erythema gyratum repens: presentation of a case in a young woman

El eritema gyratum repens es una dermatosis muy infrecuente incluida dentro del abanico diagnóstico de las lesiones figuradas. Aparece sobre todo en varones entre la sexta y séptima décadas de vida. Clásicamente se ha relacionado con neoplasias, sobre todo de pulmón, esófago y mama. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha visto que aproximadamente el 30% de los casos no son paraneoplásicos, pudiendo deberse a fármacos, enfermedades reumáticas, manifestaciones atípicas de procesos cutáneos, e incluso ser idiopáticos, por lo que es importante realizar un adecuado proceso diagnóstico para filiar la etiología, y considerar un amplio diagnóstico diferencial. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 40 años con lesiones eritematosas anulares concéntricas sugestivas de eritema gyratum repens, del tipo idiopático tras el correspondiente estudio diagnóstico.

Erythema gyratum repens is an unusual dermatosis included within the group of figurate lesions. It usually appears in men at the age of sixty or seventy. Classically it has been related to neoplasms, especially of the lung, esophagus and breast, however recently it has been seen that 30% of cases are not paraneoplastic approximately, and might be caused by drugs, rheumatologic diseases, atypical presentation of common skin diseases, and also it could be idiopathic, so it is important to carry out an adequate diagnostic process to determine the etiology, and to consider a broad differential diagnosis. We present the case of a 40-year-old woman with concentric annular erythematous lesions suggestive of idiopathic erythema gyratum repens after the diagnostic process

Figurate erythematous lesion by Microsporum canis in immunosuppressed patient

Abstract: Dermatophytes are fungi capable of invading keratinized tissues. Isolation of the fungus with the culture is essential to guide the treatment, because there are more resistant species like Microsporum canis. The chronic use of corticosteroids leads to the deregulation of immunity, promoting atypical manifestations of infections. Topical antifungal therapy is often insufficient, requiring systemic medications. We describe the case of a patient undergoing systemic corticosteroid therapy with a large figurate lesion who presented complete response to exclusively topical treatment.

Morbihan disease: a therapeutic challenge

Abstract: Morbihan disease is a rare condition characterized by chronic and persistent erythematous solid edema localized on the face. It is believed to be a complication of rosacea and may occur at any stage of the disease. Features of this condition include variable therapeutic response and great refractoriness. We report a case of a 61-year-old man with rosacea history diagnosed with Morbihan disease, who showed excellent therapeutic response with the combination of deflazacort and oral isotretinoin but developed recurrence after corticosteroid discontinuation. We believe that in severe cases of lymphedema of the face this combination is effective and corticosteroid suspension should be done slowly and gradually.

Eritema flagelado por ingesta de hongos Shiitake: reporte de caso / Flagellated erythema due to Shiitake mushroom intake: report of case

El eritema flagelado es una erupción cutánea poco frecuente con múltiples causas, dentro de las cuales se encuentra la ingesta de hongos shiitake crudos o semicrudos. Se postula que es secundario a una reacción de hipersensibilidad Th-1 producida por el lentinan, un polisacárido termolábil de la pared celular del hongo. En años recientes ha aumentado su incidencia en el mundo occidental debido a la creciente popularidad de la comida asiática, en la que los hongos shiitake son un ingrediente muy utilizado. El cuadro clínico se caracteriza por la aparición de lesiones eritematosas lineales pruriginosas principalmente en tronco y extremidades, de curso autolimitado. El diagnóstico es principalmente clínico, basado en el antecedente de ingesta reciente de hongos shiitake y el rash característico y el tratamiento es sintomático con antihistamínicos y corticoides tópicos u orales. A continuación, presentamos un caso de eritema flagelado en una mujer joven, secundario a ingesta de hongos shiitake, que se resolvió completamente en 2 semanas.

Flagellate erythema is a rare skin eruption with many causes, including the ingestion of raw or undercooked shiitake mushrooms. It is thought to be a Th-1 hypersensitivity reaction produced by lentinan, a thermolabile polysaccharide found in the cell wall of the mushroom. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of cases due to the growing popularity of Asian cuisine, in which shiitake mushrooms are a central ingredient. The clinical presentation is characterized by the appearance of linear, erythematous, pruritic lesions mostly on the trunk and extremities, of self-limited course. Diagnosis is mainly clinical, based on the history of recent shiitake mushroom ingestion and the characteristic rash, and treatment is symptomatic, with antihistamines and topical or systemic steroids. In this report, we present a case of flagellate erythema in a young woman, that appeared after the ingestion of shiitake mushrooms, and resolved completely after 2 weeks.

Ashy dermatosis with involvement of mucous membranes

Abstract: Ashy dermatosis is a rare condition, of unknown aetiology, in which mucous membranes are typically spared. The authors report the case of a 57-year-old female with a history of asymptomatic gray-bluish macules located on the trunk and oral mucosa. There were no relief changes on examination. Skin biopsies from the oral mucosa and trunk were performed and both were compatible with ashy dermatosis. The patient started treatment with oral clofazimine but due to the absence of clinical improvement the drug was discontinued three months later. This case report illustrates an atypical case of ashy dermatosis owing to the involvement of mucous membranes, which is rarely described in the literature.

Necrolytic acral erythema: a rare skin disease associated with hepatitis C virus infection

Abstract: Necrolytic acral erythema is a rare skin disease associated with hepatitis C virus infection. We report a case of a 31-year-old woman with hepatitis C virus infection and decreased zinc serum level. Physical examination revealed scaly, lichenified plaques, well-demarcated with an erythematous peripheral rim located on the lower limbs. After blood transfusion and oral zinc supplementation the patient presented an improvement of lesions.

Rosacea fulminans: unusual clinical presentation of rosacea

Abstract Rosacea fulminans or pyoderma faciale is a rare cutaneous disorder that usually affects women usually between the ages of 15-46. The disease is characterized by sudden onset of papules, pustules, cysts, and painful coalescing nodules with red-cyanotic centrofacial erythema. Although its etiology remains unknown, hormonal, immunological, and vascular factors have been reported. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment should minimize unsightly scars. We report a case of a 33-year-old female patient treated with traditional doses of doxycycline, with improvement of the lesions and regression of the condition in two months.

Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta after influenza vaccine

The etiology of pityriasis lichenoides is unknown. One of the accepted theories admits that PL is an inflammatory response to extrinsic antigens such as infectious agents, drugs and vaccines. In recent medical literature, only the MMR vaccine (Measles, Mumps and Rubella) was associated with the occurrence of this disease. We present a case of a male, 12 year old healthy patient who, five days after Infl uenza vaccination, developed erythematous papules on the trunk, abdomen and limbs, some with adherent crusts and associated systemic symptoms. This case report is notable for describing the first case of pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta associated with the vaccine against Influenza.

Eritema elevatum diutinum: reporte de dos casos y revisión de la literatura / Erythema elevatum diutinum: report of two cases and literature review

Eritema elevatum diutinum es una enfermedad cutánea poco frecuente y de curso crónico recurrente. Se caracteriza por pápulas, placas y nódulos de color rojo-violáceo de distribución acral y simétrica sobre las superficies extensoras. Un hallazgo histopatológico característico es la vasculitis leucacitoclástica. El tratamiento de elección es la dapsona, A continuación se describen dos casos de Eritema Elevatum Diutinum, el primero en un paciente adulto y el segundo en una niña de 15 años, ambos con estudio histopatológico compatible y buena respuesta al uso de difenildiazona (dapsona).

Erithema elevatum diutinum is a rare cutaneous disease. It usually has a chronic course and is characterized by purple red papules, plaques o nodules with an acral and symmetrical distribution. The main histological feature is o leucocytoclostic vasculitis. Treatment of choice is dapsone. We describe two cases of erithema elevatum diutinum, a male adult patient and a 15 year old girl. Both cases present characteristic histological findings and good response to dapsone.

CINCA Syndrome.

CINCA syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by early onset of recurrent fever, rash, progressive articular and neurological involvement. We report a 7-year-old girl with CINCA syndrome with an infrequent manifestation of retinal vasculitis and a relative paucity of neurological signs. She had a de novo F309S mutation in exon 3 of CIAS1 gene on chromosome 1.This is the first report of this entity from India.

Comparison of clinical efficacy of topical tazarotene 0.1% cream with topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream in chronic plaque psoriasis: a double-blind, randomized, right-left comparison study.

BACKGROUND: No controlled data is available till date comparing topical tazarotene and clobetasol in Indian psoriatic patients. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to compare the clinical efficacy of 12 weeks of once-daily tazarotene 0.1% cream with that of once-daily clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream in the treatment of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. METHODS: About 36 patients with bilaterally symmetrical lesions were enrolled in this double-blind randomized controlled study. A left-right randomized study was conducted. RESULTS: Clobetasol cream was better than tazarotene cream in reducing the erythema throughout the treatment period with statistically significant differences favoring clobetasol at weeks 2, 4, 6 and 8 ( P <0.05). Tazarotene was better in reducing the induration at weeks 2 ( P <0.05), 4, 10 and 12. Clobetasol cream was better in reducing the scaling throughout the treatment period with statistically significant differences favoring clobetasol over the entire treatment period. Treatment success rate was 100% with clobetasol and 88% with tazarotene at the end of week 12 with clobetasol achieving 100% success rate at the end of week 6. Treatment with tazarotene resulted in uniform reduction of plaque elevation and was not associated with the development of hot spots. CONCLUSION: Topical tazarotene 0.1% cream is less effective than topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream in the treatment of plaque psoriasis. It has more effect on induration than on erythema and scaling of psoriatic lesions.

Evaluación clínica del uso de un champú con clobetasol al 0, 05 por ciento en el tratamiento de la dermatitis seborreica moderada y severa del cuero cabelludo / Effectiveness and safety of a clobetasol shampoo formulation in patients with moderate and severe seborrheic dermatitis

La dermatitis seborreica del cuero cabelludo va desde una pitiriasis simple difusa a costras eritematoescamosas. La inflamación y el Pytirosporum ovale juegan un papel importante, por lo que los corticoides tópicos resultan en general exitosos. En el presente estudio se analizan la efectividad y seguridad del uso de clobetasol al 0,05 por ciento en formulación champú, aplicado durante 15 días, por 27 pacientes con dermatitis seborreica moderada o severa. La efectividad fue evaluada a través de analizar prurito, descamación y eritema. La seguridad se evaluó constatando irritación local, eritema y descamación en áreas vecinas. Esta formulación es altamente efectiva, con desaparición del prurito en 92 por ciento de los pacientes a los 15 días de tratamiento. Similar situación ocurre con la disminución del eritema. Respecto a seguridad, en un 4 por ciento de los pacientes advirtió irritación local.

Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp can manifest itself as anything from a simple diffused pityriasis to erythematous plaques. In all of these, the degree of inflammation and the presence os Pityrosporum ovale play an important role. We present an analysis of the effectiveness and safety of clobetasol shampoo formulation, applied daily for 15 minutes during 15 days, in 27 patients suffering from moderate or severe seborrheic dermatitis. Effectiveness was evaluated through analyzed pruritus, scaling, and erythema. Safety was evaluated by verifying irritation in the area of application, erythema and scaling of surrounding areas. Results were highly effective: pruritus disappeared in 92 percent of patients after 15 days, and erythema decreased in similar terms. Only 4 percent of patients presented local irritation.

effect of different concentrations of topical vitamin E on cosmetic appearance of hypertrophic and keloid scars

There are a few clinical trials on human that show the effect of topical vitamin E on keloid and hypertrophic scars. In this investigation we try to study this effect and also show the effect of the concentrations which have not been considered yet in improving hypertrophic scar and keloid healing. In a double-blind randomized clinical trial, 32 patients who had hypertrophic scar from 12 weeks ago were given three ointments including placebo and ointments contaning injectional vitamin E [d-a tocopheryl] with different concentrations [300Iu/mg and 600Iu/mg]. The scars size, erythema and hardness were evaluated by patients and physicians after 1, 4 and 12 weeks. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Kruskal Walis tests. After 12 weeks there were no signs or symptoms of dermatitis and rash. Comparison of the scar size after 1 week showed difference between the high concentrated ointment with the others and in the 12[th] week all of the ointments were different [p<0.001]. Evaluation of the scar erythema, in the 1[th], 4[th] and 12[th] week showed significant difference between vitamin ointments and placebo [p<0.001], also scar hardness in the 12[th] week was significantly different between groups [p<0.001], but in the first and 4[th] week no difference was detected in hardness. This study shows that topical vitamin E has good effects on keloid and hypertropic scars. Their effect in decreasing size and erythema is more considerable than scar hardness

Treatment of Facial Seborrheic Dermatitis with Pimecrolimus Cream 1%: An Open-Label Clinical Study in Korean Patients

Pimecrolimus cream 1% has shown to be effective in patients with a variety of inflammatory cutaneous disorders. And it might be a useful modality in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. This prospective study was aimed at assessing the efficacy and tolerability of pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of facial seborrheic dermatitis. Twenty patients were instructed to apply pimecrolimus cream 1% for 4 consecutive weeks. Assessment of the disease severity was performed at baseline and at week 1, 2, and 4. Clinical assessments of erythema, scaling, and pruritus were measured using a 4-point scale (0-3). Global assessments of the disease severity by patients and investigators were performed at each visit. Mean clinical scores of erythema, scaling, and pruritus significantly improved by 87.4%, 91.9%, and 91.5% respectively at week 4 (p<0.001). Improvements in the global assessment of disease severity determined by patients and investigators also showed excellent results. No specific adverse events other than transient burning and tingling sensations were noted. The relapse of facial seborrheic dermatitis was mostly observed between 3 to 8 weeks after the discontinuation of pimecrolimus. We suggest that the topical application of pimecrolimus cream 1% can be an effective and safe alternative for treatment of facial seborrheic dermatitis.

Erythema elevatum diutinum as a first clinical manifestation for diagnosing HIV infection: case history

CONTEXTO: O eritema elevatum diutinum é uma dermatose crônica, rara, variante clínica da vasculite leucocitoclástica, provavelmente mediada por imunocomplexos. Está sendo incluído no grupo das dermatoses específicas associadas à infecção pelo HIV. Em geral, associa-se a outros processos infecciosos, auto-imunes e neoplásicos. RELATO DE CASO: Relatamos o caso de um paciente em que a manifestação cutânea de eritema elevatum diutinum foi a primeira evidência clínica para diagnóstico da infecção pelo HIV. O tratamento foi feito com dapsona e se obteve regressão parcial das lesões após 15 dias, mesmo antes de o esquema anti-retroviral ser prescrito. CONCLUSÃO: Frente ao diagnóstico de eritema elevatum diutinum, deve-se investigar a infecção pelo HIV, principalmente nas apresentações clínicas atípicas e exacerbadas.

Treatment of human demodex folliculorum by camphor oil and metronidazole

A total of 15 females suffering from Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea and 12 females free from other dermatological lesions was selected. Demodex folliculorum infestation density in both patients and controls was evaluated by noninvasive skin surface biopsies. Five facial sites were selected. The daily topical application of 1/3 diluted camphor oil with glycerol and 500 mg metronidazole orally were given for 15 days. The results were very successful with no clinical side effects